[1]赵祥云.土地托管中的关系治理结构与小农户的组织化——基于西安市C区土地托管的分析[J].南京农业大学学报(社科版),2020,20(03):44-52.
　ZHAO Xiangyun.Relational Governance Structure in Land Trusteeship and Organization of Small Farmers: Study on Land Trusteeship in Area C of Xi’an City[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Science),2020,20(03):44-52.
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土地托管中的关系治理结构与小农户的组织化——基于西安市C区土地托管的分析()
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南京农业大学学报（社科版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
20
期数:
2020年03期
页码:
44-52
栏目:
专题：小农户与现代农业
出版日期:
2020-04-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Relational Governance Structure in Land Trusteeship and Organization of Small Farmers: Study on Land Trusteeship in Area C of Xi’an City
作者:
赵祥云
南京大学 社会学院, 江苏 南京 210023
Author(s):
ZHAO Xiangyun
关键词:
土地托管; 小农户; 嵌入性; 治理结构
Keywords:
Land Trusteeship; Small Farmers; Embeddedness; Governance Structure
分类号:
C912.82
摘要:
受小农户数量仍然众多和目前城市化水平的影响，中国的农业转型必须强调小农户与现代农业发展的有机衔接。而推进小农户基础上的农业现代化，关键在于提高小农户的组织化程度，土地托管的实践在这方面表现出有效性。对土地托管的治理结构进行分析发现，在"半托"和"全托"的托管模式中，托管公司与小农户之间形成了市场和准纵向一体化的治理结构。但这两种治理结构在运行过程中都存在一定问题，包括与小农户的交易成本高，小农户的组织水平仍需要得到提高等。然而，托管公司与小农户间的交易行为嵌入政治环境和村庄社会，受到政策法规、风俗习惯、关系网络等正式制度和非正式制度的影响。在有利的政治环境中，托管公司可以获得政治合法性，减少政治阻力，顺利推进土地托管。同时，托管公司积极主动与村庄社会对接，满足农民利益，尊重农民习惯，在长期互动中，双方可以建立起双向信任关系，逐渐培育出关系治理结构。在关系治理结构下，村集体的统筹作用得到有效激活，小农户的组织化程度提高。此外，小农户对土地托管模式更加信任，有利于土地托管模式的稳定和进一步创新。在此基础上，农民建设农村和发展农业的积极性被激发，这为农业现代化和乡村振兴提供了有利条件。
Abstract:
Affected by the large number of small farmers and the current level of urbanization, China’s agricultural transformation must achieve the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development. The key to promoting agricultural modernization based on small farmers is to improve the organization of small farmers and analyze the governance structure of land trusteeship. It is found that in the “semi-trust” and “full-trust” trust models, the market and quasi-predetermined period have formed. However, there is a unified governance structure between the hosting company and small farmers. There are also some problems in the operation of the two governance structures, including high transaction costs with small farmers, and the organizational level of small farmers still needs to be improved. Trading behavior is embedded in the political environment and village society, and will be affected by formal and exceptional systems such as policies and regulations, customs, networks of relationships. In a favorable political environment, the trusteeship company has political legitimacy, reduces political burden, and smoothly advances land trusteeship. At the same time, the hosting company actively connects with the village society to meet the interests of farmers and respect the habits of farmers. In the long-term interaction, the two sides can establish a two-way trust relationship and gradually develop a relationship governance structure. Under the relationship governance structure, the collective role of the village collective has been effectively activated, and the organization of small farmers has increased. In addition, small farmers have more trust in the land custody model, which is conducive to the stability and further innovation of the land custody model. On this basis, the enthusiasm of farmers to build rural areas and develop agriculture is stimulated, which provides favorable conditions for agricultural modernization and rural revitalization.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2019-06-28。
基金项目:陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟2017年软科学项目"农业供给侧结构改革背景下陕西省新型农业经营体系构建研究"（LMZD201708）；中央基本科研业务费项目"新型农业经营主体培育与农村社会阶层结构优化机制构建研究"（2018RWSK22）
作者简介:赵祥云,女,南京大学社会学院博士生
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01