[1]杨华.农村人情竞争的区域差异及其治理[J].南京农业大学学报(社科版),2019,19(02):71-81.
　YANG Hua.Regional Differences in Rural Social Etiquette Competition and Its Governance[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Science),2019,19(02):71-81.
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农村人情竞争的区域差异及其治理()
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南京农业大学学报（社科版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
19
期数:
2019年02期
页码:
71-81
栏目:
农民问题
出版日期:
2019-03-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Regional Differences in Rural Social Etiquette Competition and Its Governance
作者:
杨华
武汉大学 社会学系, 湖北 武汉 430072
Author(s):
YANG Hua
关键词:
人情竞争; 人情异化; 区域差异; 血缘地缘关系; 阶层分化
Keywords:
etiquette competition; etiquette dissimulation; regional differences; blood relationship and geographical relationship; social stratification
分类号:
C912.82
摘要:
农村人情不单纯是"礼物的流动"，它包括办酒、赶礼和举行仪式等一系列连续性活动。农村区域差别大，不同地区人情竞争的侧重点有所不同。南方农村宗族血缘重，人际关系具有先赋性，内生规范还起作用，血缘集团内部禁止竞争，因而人情缺乏竞争空间，没有出现异化现象。北方村庄多小亲族杂居，小亲族内部血缘认同较强，人情没有竞争空间，但是小亲族之间存在激烈竞争，因而该地区的人情竞争主要是小亲族推动的具有展演性的仪式过程竞争，使得仪式表演有恶俗化趋势。中部农村缺乏先赋性关系，人情作为连接纽带不可轻易退出，村庄内生规范又趋弱化，农民容易突破人情规范降低酒席档次而多办酒席多收礼金，导致酒席泛滥人情成灾。东部农村则由于阶层分化较大，上层农民希图在酒席档次上与其他农民拉开距离，推动阶层间在酒席档次上竞争，形成对下层农民的社会排斥。治理农村人情竞争异化问题需根据地区差异对症下药，并应以倡导和示范新型文化礼俗为策略。
Abstract:
Rural etiquette is not simply the flow of gifts. It also includes a series of continuous activities such as holding banquets, attending banquets and holding ceremonies. There is a vast difference between different rural regions and the focus of etiquette and custom competition in different regions is different. In southern China, the rural clan has a strong blood relationship and its interpersonal relationship has pre-existed. Besides, endogenous norms also play an important role. The consanguineous group prohibits competition within its internal group. Therefore, there is no competition environment for social etiquette and thus there is no alienation phenomenon. There are many small kin groups living in the villages of northern China. The members of the same clan have strong blood relationship with each other and there is no competition space for social etiquette. However, there is strong competition among different kin groups. Therefore, the etiquette and custom competition in the region is mainly the competition of the ceremonial rituals promoted by the small kin groups. The performance of the ceremony gradually becomes more vulgar. There is no pre-existing relationship in the rural areas of central China. As a connecting link, the social etiquette and custom cannot be easily abolished. Because the internal norms of the village are relatively weak, the farmers will break through norms and hold more banquets in the hope of receiving more cash gifts, which will lead to superabundant banquets. In the eastern rural areas of China, due to a bigger social stratum differentiation, the upper-level peasants hope to separate themselves from other peasants in the level of the banquet, promote the competition among different social strata in the banquet level and impose a social exclusion of the low class peasants. To deal with the alienation of rural etiquette competition, it is necessary to offer solutions according to regional differences. Our strategy is to advocate and demonstrate new cultural etiquettes.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2018-6-6。
基金项目:教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"全面从严治党视域基层‘小官贪腐’治理机制研究"（18YJC710086）
作者简介:杨华,男,武汉大学社会学系研究员,博士生导师,博士。
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01