[1]陈基平,沈扬扬.从关注生存需求到关注平衡发展——后2020我国农村向相对贫困标准转变的政策与现实意义[J].南京农业大学学报(社科版),2021,21(02):73-84.
　CHEN Jiping,SHEN Yangyang.From Basic Needs to Balanced Development: The Policy and Practical Significance of Transition to Relative Poverty Standards in Rural Ares after 2020[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Science),2021,21(02):73-84.
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从关注生存需求到关注平衡发展——后2020我国农村向相对贫困标准转变的政策与现实意义()
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南京农业大学学报（社科版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
21
期数:
2021年02期
页码:
73-84
栏目:
农民生计与保障
出版日期:
2021-02-20

文章信息/Info

Title:
From Basic Needs to Balanced Development: The Policy and Practical Significance of Transition to Relative Poverty Standards in Rural Ares after 2020
作者:
陈基平;  沈扬扬
北京师范大学 经济与工商管理学院/经济与资源管理研究院, 北京 100875
Author(s):
CHEN Jiping;  SHEN Yangyang
关键词:
贫困标准; 绝对贫困; 相对贫困; 贫困治理
Keywords:
Poverty Standard; Absolute Poverty; Relative Poverty; Poverty Governance
分类号:
F323.8
摘要:
我国现行贫困标准仅相当于世界上收入最低的15个国家贫困线均值的全球极端贫困线，这意味着现行贫困标准下实现的全面脱贫只是极端绝对贫困的消除。面向后2020时代，从绝对贫困向相对贫困标准转变的政策意义在于贫困治理方向将从重视绝对意义的生存性需求转向重视相对意义的发展性需求，因此随着经济发展程度的提高，贫困标准应随着物质生活水平的提高而适当提高。这一转变的现实意义在于，我国农村的相对贫困形势仍十分严峻，大量的相对贫困人群仍然集中在中西部欠发达地区，仍然存在受教育程度不足、劳动能力缺失、身体健康程度较差的问题，为了关注这一部分低收入人群的增收问题，有必要设立相对贫困标准以监测低收入人群增收。建议我国尽快将相对贫困纳入贫困度量的统计监测指标，在巩固脱贫攻坚成果的前提下逐步由绝对贫困标准过渡到相对贫困标准，从关注生存贫困转变为关注发展贫困，最后实现与十九大报告两个阶段目标提出的解决发展不平衡不充分问题的战略结合。
Abstract:
China’s current rural poverty standard is only equivalent to the average extreme poverty line of the 15 poorest countries in the world, which means the complete poverty reduction achieved under the current poverty standard is only the elimination of extreme poverty. Facing the post-2020 era, the policy significance of the transition from the absolute poverty to the relative poverty standards is that the focus of poverty governance has shifted from the absolute survival needs to the relative development needs. Therefore, with economic development, the poverty standard should also change with living standards. The practical significance is that the relative poverty situation in China’s rural areas is still severe. A large number of relatively poor people in rural areas are still concentrated in the underdeveloped areas distributed in the central and western regions, and there are still problems of insufficient education, weak labor ability, insufficient capacity and poor physical health for them. Thus, for more attention paid to the income growth of low-income groups, it is necessary to establish relative poverty standards for better monitoring their status. It is recommended that we should incorporate relative poverty into the poverty measurement statistical monitoring indicators as soon as possible, and gradually transfer to the relative poverty standard on the basis of consolidating the absolute poverty relief achievements. From focusing on subsistence poverty to development poverty, we could achieve the strategic combination to two-stage goals of solving the insufficient development and imbalance problems proposed in the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2020-10-13。
基金项目:国家社会科学基金青年项目"现阶段我国城乡相对贫困标准制定研究"（20CSH062）；北京师范大学学科交叉项目"收入分配与劳动力市场"（312231104）
作者简介:陈基平,男,北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院博士生。
通讯作者:沈扬扬(通信作者),女,北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院讲师
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01