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南京农业大学学报（社科版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:

18

期数:

2018年06期

页码:

11-16

栏目:

纪念改革开放40周年

出版日期:

2018-12-02

文章信息/Info

Title:

Changes in the Relationship between the State and the Peasants since the Reform and Opening-up

作者:

贺雪峰

武汉大学 社会学系, 湖北 武汉 430072

Author(s):

HE Xuefeng

关键词:

分田到户; 农民税费改革; 资源汲取; 资源输送; 乡村治理

分类号:

D032

摘要:

改革开放以来，国家与农民关系发生了巨大的变化：一是改革开放之初农村分田到户、人民公社解体，农民重新获得农业生产经营自主权；二是20世纪末农民负担居高不下，农村干群矛盾激化，进入21世纪，国家进行农村税费改革并最终在2006年取消了历时千年的农业税；三是取消农业税后，国家开始向农村转移大量资源，并探索新型的国家与农民关系形式以及探索新型乡村治理模式。如何更加有效地向农村转移资源，如何让自上而下的资源转移变成让农民组织起来自己建设自己美好生活，有很多需要进一步改进的空间。

Abstract:

Great changes have taken place in the relationship between the state and the peasants. First, peasants regained the autonomous right for managing agricultural production, with the dissolution of people’s communes and thereafter there-allocation of farmland to the peasant household in the early period of the reform and opening-up. Second, the turn of the last century witnessed the heavy burden on peasants and the tension between peasants and local officials. The early twenty-first century finally saw the abolition of agricultural tax on peasants through the state agricultural tax reform. Third, ensuing the abolition, more national resources were put into agriculture and explorations were conducted on the new relationship between the peasants and peasants and the innovative types of rural governance. How to shift more resources into agriculture more effectively and how to turn the top-down resources allocation into the making of better life with the organized efforts made by peasants themselves both leave a lot of space for improvement.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2018-09-02。
作者简介:贺雪峰,男,武汉大学社会学系教授,博士生导师。

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