[1]钱全.结构化视角下村治场域类型及基层自治分化[J].南京农业大学学报(社科版),2020,20(01):69-78.
 QIAN Quan.Village Governance Field Types and Grassroots Autonomy Differentiation from a Structural Perspective[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Science),2020,20(01):69-78.
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结构化视角下村治场域类型及基层自治分化()
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南京农业大学学报(社科版)[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
20
期数:
2020年01期
页码:
69-78
栏目:
乡村治理现代化
出版日期:
2020-02-01

文章信息/Info

Title:
Village Governance Field Types and Grassroots Autonomy Differentiation from a Structural Perspective
作者:
钱全
武汉大学 社会学院, 湖北 武汉 430072
Author(s):
QIAN Quan
关键词:
村治场域结构化乡村振兴民主自治治理转型村治主体
Keywords:
Village Governance FieldStructuredRural RevitalizationDemocratic AutonomyGovernance TransformationVillage Governance Subject
分类号:
C912
摘要:
转型时期,东中西部经济社会发展程度为村治实践的分化样态提供了基础性差异。在乡村振兴战略背景下,各村级治理资源的禀赋与输入存在内生、外生双重结构。以结构化理论为视角,通过治理实践与社会结构之间的结构二重性,对村治场域类型进行划分:资源稀缺型场域、资源固化型场域、资源发展型场域。三种村治场域类型,在"国家-市场-村庄"关系框架中呈现出迥异的强弱关联程度。研究表明,在国家行政力量正式、市场力量半正式、村庄熟人社会非正式三重结构性场域关系中,村治利益主体呈现出两种行动逻辑倾向:"逐名"的政治逻辑和"谋利"的经济逻辑。在"资源-规则"型构主体精英社会行动要素下,治村逻辑表征为:一方面,国家在场吸纳、基层政府治理需求以及村庄内部价值评价体系共同形塑了主体精英在治村中的自我价值实现。另一方面,村治场域的分利秩序一旦形成,政治权威或开始裹挟经济权威,并产生利益俘获,治村精英会依据村庄资源的输入形式,在治村过程中以各种方式实现自身利益最大化。在此基础上,一并探讨了基层民主自治实践在"国家-村庄"双重作用下形塑出的四种自治分化样态,即"形式化"自治、"分立性"自治与"竞争性"自治和"垄断性"自治。
Abstract:
Governing of village by the rich is the traditional practice form of rural grassroots governance in China, during the transition period, the difference in the degree of economic and social development in the eastern, central and western regions provided a legal basis for the existence of this elite political form. In the context of the Rural Revitalization Strategy, the endowment and input of village-level governance resources have endogenous and exogenous dual structures. From the perspective of structured theory, the study divides the types of village governance fields through the structural duality between governance practice and social structure:resource scarce fields, resource solidified fields, resource development fields. The three types of village governance fields show different levels of strong and weak correlations in the "state-market-village" relationship framework. Studies have shown that in the three-level structured field relationship of formal administrative power, semi-formal market power, and informal social structure of village acquaintances, village governance interest subjects exhibit two types of logical logic of action:political logic and economic logic. Under the "resource-rule" structure of the subject’s elite social action elements, the logic of governing the village is characterized as follows:Firstly, the state’s presence on the ground, the needs of grass-roots government governance, and the village’s internal value evaluation system collectively shape the self-eminence of the elite in governing. Secondly, once the distribution order in the village governance field is formed, political authority may begin to entangle economic authority and generate interest capture. The village governance elites will maximize the benefits in various ways in the process of village governance according to the input form of village resources. On this basis, the four forms of autonomous differentiation formed by the practice of grass-roots democratic autonomy under the dual role of "state-village" are discussed together:"monopoly" autonomy, "formal" autonomy, "discrete" autonomy, "competitive" autonomy.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2019-05-08。
基金项目:教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目"完善基层社会治理机制研究"(14JZD030)
作者简介:钱全,男,武汉大学社会学院博士生。
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01