[1]方超,罗英姿.中国农村居民的教育回报及其变动趋势研究——兼论农村地区人力资本梯度升级的现实意义[J].南京农业大学学报(社科版),2017,17(03):74-85.
　FANG Chao,LUO Yingzi.Educational Rewarding of Rural Residents and its Changing Trend in Rural China and the Realistic Implication of Human Capital Upgrading in Rural Area[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Science),2017,17(03):74-85.
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中国农村居民的教育回报及其变动趋势研究——兼论农村地区人力资本梯度升级的现实意义()
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南京农业大学学报（社科版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
17
期数:
2017年03期
页码:
74-85
栏目:
农民问题
出版日期:
2017-04-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Educational Rewarding of Rural Residents and its Changing Trend in Rural China and the Realistic Implication of Human Capital Upgrading in Rural Area
作者:
方超1;  罗英姿2
1. 南京财经大学公共管理学院/公共财政研究中心, 江苏 南京 210023;
2. 南京农业大学公共管理学院, 江苏 南京 210095
Author(s):
FANG Chao1;  LUO Yingzi2
关键词:
农村人力资本; 教育回报; 明瑟收益率; 梯度升级; 收入差距
分类号:
G40-054
摘要:
本文基于中国居民收入项目调查提供的CHIP数据,采用Heckman两阶段样本选择模型,实证研究了中国农村居民的教育回报及其变动趋势,探讨了农村地区人力资本梯度升级的现实意义。实证结果表明:农村居民的收入水平与受教育程度存在正相关关系;由于样本选择性偏差与遗漏变量的存在,致使OLS所估计的教育回报,存在向下与向上两种形式的估计偏误;在控制性别、民族、婚姻、政治面貌等个体差异后,调整后的明瑟收益函数显示出农村人力资本的整体教育回报率呈现不断上升的趋势;中等教育6.55%的教育回报率表明,投资于初中教育及高中教育,可实现个人教育投资收益的最大化,但我国农村地区却存在着一定程度的初中教育“回流”现象;而高等教育私人收益虽具备了较高的增值属性,但人力资本结构中的大学以上层级劳动力的比重较小,有必要通过义务教育的巩固、高中教育的普及与高等教育的延展,推动农村地区人力资本的梯度升级,逐步缩减教育收益的层级差别,促进农村居民组内收入差距的均质收敛。
Abstract:
Based on the CHIP data provided by the survey of residents income in China,and using Heckman??s two stage sample selection model, this paper empirically studied the return on education of human capital and its changing trend, and discussed the realistic implication of human capital upgrading in the rural area. The research findings showed:there is a positive correlation of liner relationship between income and education level; sample selection bias and missing variables lead to the downward and upward estimation bias of education rewarding by OLS; after controlling individual differences in gender, nationality, marriage, politics, etc, the adjusted Mincer equation showed that the overall rate of education rewarding in rural China is rising, the 6.55% rate of education rewarding in secondary education suggested that investments in junior and middle school education could help achieve the maximization of individual education income, however there is a phenomenon of junior school education return in rural China; higher education brings higher value-added attributes of private benefits, however it is insufficient for the proportion of the labor force at the university and postgraduate level in rural human capital composition of the labor force. It is helpful to narrow the income gap through upgrading human capital.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2016-7-30。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“基于学生发展方向的我国博士生教育质量评价模型构建及实证研究——以涉农学科为例”（71573128）
作者简介:方超,男,南京财经大学公共管理学院讲师,博士,E-mail:99288137@qq.com;罗英姿,女,南京农业大学公共管理学院教授,博士生导师。
更新日期/Last Update: 2017-04-25