[1]廖洪乐.农地“两权”分离和“三权”分置的经济学与法学逻辑[J].南京农业大学学报(社科版),2020,20(05):109-118.
　LIAO Hongle.Economical Logics and Jurisprudential Logics on Both Farmland’s Two Rights Division and Farmland’s Three Rights Separation[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Science),2020,20(05):109-118.
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农地“两权”分离和“三权”分置的经济学与法学逻辑()
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南京农业大学学报（社科版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
20
期数:
2020年05期
页码:
109-118
栏目:
土地问题
出版日期:
2020-08-15

文章信息/Info

Title:
Economical Logics and Jurisprudential Logics on Both Farmland’s Two Rights Division and Farmland’s Three Rights Separation
作者:
廖洪乐
农业农村部 农村经济研究中心, 北京 100810
Author(s):
LIAO Hongle
关键词:
农地制度; “三权”分置; 承包权; 经营权; 农地流转; 规模经营
Keywords:
Farmland Tenure; Three Rights Separation; Contract Rights of Farmland; Management Rights of Farmland; Rural Land Transfer; Scale Management
分类号:
F301.1
摘要:
针对学术界在农地“三权”分置政策及其转化为法律问题上的分歧与争论，文章系统分析了农地“两权”分离和“三权”分置的经济学与法学逻辑，并得出如下结论：第一，农地“三权”分置符合经济学和法学逻辑，农地“三权”分置可行。第二，农地“三权”分置与“两权”分离会长期共存，以“两权”分离为基础设计“三权”分置，不会架空土地承包经营权。第三，土地承包经营权是否分置以及分置出何种属性经营权，均需土地承包经营权实际持有人同意和授权。第四，从土地承包经营权分置出的承包权是物权，无需重新登记。第五，土地经营权属性取决于土地承包经营权持有人授权，与是否登记、流转方式、确权方式及流转期限长短无关，它可以是债权，也可以是物权。第六，只有土地承包经营权人授权转（租）入方有权改变转（租）入地自然属性、四至界限或权属状况时，经营权才有物权属性，物权属性经营权需重新登记。文章最后提出了四点政策和修法建议。
Abstract:
Focusing on the disagreement or controversy of academic circles on the transformation of farmland’s Three Rights Separation Policy into law, this paper systematically analyzed the economics logics and the jurisprudential logics of both farmland’s two rights division and farmland’s three rights separations and presented the following conclusions. Firstly, the Three Rights Separation is complied with both economical logics and jurisprudential logics and is feasible, and will co-exist with the Two Rights Divisions for a long term. Secondly, based on the Two Rights Divisions, the Three Rights Separation cannot weaken the contract and management rights and cannot undermine the Household Responsibility Systems. Thirdly, It is the real rights holders, not the collective organization, to have power to decide whether the contract and management rights of farmland will be divided into both contract rights and management rights, and the property of the management rights. Fourthly, the contract rights separated from the contract and management rights of farmland should be real property rights, which is not necessary in registration. Fifthly, the attribute of the management rights，which is independent of its registration status, transfer methods, confirmation registration methods and transfer term, mainly depend on the real authority of the holders of the contract and management rights, and it may be claim rights or property rights. Sixthly, only when the leaseholder is authorized to change the natural attribute, four boundaries or the rights status of transferred land by the contract and management rights’ holder, can the management rights be property rights, which must be registered. Finally, this paper presented four suggestions related to policy make-up and law revision.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2019-09-09。
作者简介:廖洪乐,男,农业农村部农村经济研究中心研究员。
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01