[1]郭之天,陆汉文.相对贫困的界定:国际经验与启示[J].南京农业大学学报(社科版),2020,20(04):100-111.
　GUO Zhitian,LU Hanwen.Defining Relative Poverty: International Experienceand Inspirations[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Science),2020,20(04):100-111.
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相对贫困的界定:国际经验与启示()
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南京农业大学学报（社科版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
20
期数:
2020年04期
页码:
100-111
栏目:
相对贫困的国际经验与相对贫困治理机制
出版日期:
2020-07-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Defining Relative Poverty: International Experienceand Inspirations
作者:
郭之天;  陆汉文
华中师范大学 社会学院/中部地区减贫与发展研究院, 湖北 武汉 430079
Author(s):
GUO Zhitian;  LU Hanwen
关键词:
相对贫困; 贫困标准; 国际经验; 建构性
Keywords:
Relative Poverty; Poverty Standard; International Experience; Constructedness
分类号:
F113.9
摘要:
相对贫困的界定是相对贫困治理实践的逻辑起点，亦是相对贫困研究的基础问题。相对贫困最突出的特征是相对性和主观性，一是纳入比较的资源或维度，二是对资源或维度进行比较的标准，三是贫困与非贫困分界点的确定。欧洲福利国家主要以相对收入为贫困测量标准，美国采用绝对与相对相结合的差异性贫困标准，以墨西哥为代表的一些拉美国家则使用多维贫困测量方法。不论哪一种标准，都是由相应国家的政策传统、社会意识等因素共同建构出来的，在政策实践中具有稳定性和持续性。建构性为中国选择相对贫困的界定标准并制定切合实际的干预策略提供了重要视角。
Abstract:
The definition of relative poverty is the point of departure for poverty reduction, and is fundamental to the study of relative poverty. The keys to relative poverty are relativity and "subjectivity", including 1) the resource or dimension to be compared; 2) the social standard of comparison; and 3) the cut-off point. European welfare states mainly use a relative income standard, the U.S. standards can be interpreted as a combination of absolute and relative method, and Latin America states, represented by Mexico, apply a multi-dimensional approach. These standards are constructed around factors including political tradition and social consciousness, and are stable and consistent in policy implementations. The constructedness offers an important perspective for Chinese government to determine a standard for relative poverty and develop practical strategies to tackle poverty.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2020-04-01。
基金项目:国务院扶贫办全国扶贫宣传教育中心重大招标项目"西南区域县村脱贫攻坚经验总结"（TC190F4WF）
作者简介:郭之天,女,华中师范大学社会学院讲师,博士。
通讯作者:陆汉文(通信作者),男,华中师范大学中部地区减贫与发展研究院教授,博士生导师
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01