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南京农业大学学报（社科版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:

20

期数:

2020年04期

页码:

144-151

栏目:

脱贫成果巩固与贫困治理现代化

出版日期:

2020-07-25

文章信息/Info

Title:

Transition of Poverty Reduction System in China

作者:

王晓毅

中国社会科学院 社会学研究所, 北京 100732

Author(s):

WANG Xiaoyi

关键词:

贫困治理; 贫困人群; 减贫战略; 相对贫困

Keywords:

Poverty Reduction; Poor Groups; Poverty Reduction Strategy; Relative Poverty

分类号:

C912

摘要:

在过去的40年中，中国农村反贫困取得了举世瞩目的成绩，并将在2020年底实现现有标准下全部农村贫困人口脱贫。与此同时，中国也从低收入国家发展成为中等收入国家。在此背景下，贫困逐渐呈现出新的特征，绝对贫困问题将被相对贫困问题替代，发达地区的贫困问题会日益突出，贫困呈现出群体性特征，且贫困不仅是收入问题，更表现为社会排斥和阶层固化。相对贫困治理的目标在于防止脆弱人群陷入贫困、缩小社会差距、实现共同富裕。为此，中国的贫困治理机制要实现两个转变，即从绝对贫困转变为相对贫困治理、从超常规转变为常规的贫困治理，而转变的核心是从聚焦贫困地区逐步转变为聚焦贫困人群。

Abstract:

China has achieved greatly in poverty reduction since 1980’s and will eliminate the absolute poverty in rural sector soon. Along with the achievement in poverty reduction, China has transformed from a poor developing country to a middle-income country. Under such context, new aspects of poverty have appeared:relative poverty will replace the absolute poverty, poverty in developed regions and urban sector will attract more attention, vulnerable groups will be the object of anti-poverty, and social exclusion and enlarged gaps in social groups will be considered in poverty reduction. Supporting the vulnerable groups and preventing them from falling into poverty, narrowing the gaps in social groups and achieving the shared prosperity will be the goals of poverty reduction after 2020. For these goals, the strategy in poverty reduction will transform from targeting in absolute poverty to targeting in relative poverty, from campaigning to normal poverty reduction, and from region-based poverty alleviation to group-based poverty reduction.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2020-03-20。
作者简介:王晓毅,男,中国社会科学院社会学研究所研究员。

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